Harden the tablebase reader against corrupted files
Add load-time bounds to the Syzygy tablebase parser so that values read from a file are validated before they are used as lengths, indices, or shift counts. Size symbol tables to the full 12-bit domain, refuse non-canonical Huffman tables, cyclic trees, and inconsistent flags, and bound the bitstream walk within the mapping. Abort if a corrupted table is detected.
closes https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/pull/7063
No functional change
Co-authored-by: ppigazzini <pasquale.pigazzini@gmail.com>